Análise da toxicidade hematológica, hepática e renal associada à mucosite oral em pacientes oncológicos pediátricos

Abstract

Oral mucositis (OM) is a common side effect in patients undergoing chemotherapy (QT) during antineoplastic treatment. The development and progression of this condition are multifactorial, conditions such as neutropenia and infections can worsen the clinical picture. OM has a direct impact on the patient's quality of life, persisting as a problem in clinical oncology. Objective: the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between degrees of OM and hematological, hepatic and renal toxicities caused by QT in pediatric patients. Method: It was characterized by an observational and analytical study, with a prospective longitudinal design, with a sample of 13 participants between 0 and 18 years old diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or Hodgkin's lymphoma, who received chemotherapy and manifested OM. Results: In total, 70 evaluations were performed, of which 32.9% were identified as OM grade II (ulceration and erythema; patient can eat a solid diet), this being the most prevalent grade. In addition, the data showed that the increase in the degree of OM is correlated with the decrease in the values of leukocytes, neutrophils and platelets (P <0.001). Interestingly, the correlation between degrees of OM and levels of glutamic oxalacetic TGO transaminase was observed only in females. Conclusion: By observing the aspects analyzed, it is concluded that the manifestation of oral mucositis is correlated with hematological toxicity in all cases and liver toxicity for female participants. In this context, the monitoring of toxicity as well as the investigation of factors are important services to be developed in cancer centers, with Low Power Laser therapy being one of the main treatments recommended for prophylaxis and therapy of OM.