Saneamento como ferramenta para a sustentabilidade da área quilombola Vila Esperança, Lapa - PR

Abstract

Among the main problems faced by communities located in rural areas or in peri-urban areas is the lack of actions in the area of sanitation. Such communities do not have access to basic sanitation services, which contributes to the spread of diseases and other social problems, leaving them in conditions of social vulnerability, in addition to the negative impacts caused to ecological systems. The development model used to achieve and maintain the universalization of sanitation must be innovative in order to integrate the demands of the citizen in situations of social exclusion. An example of such situation is the Quilombola Community Village of Mariental, located in the municipality of Lapa, PR, which does not have access to some basic sanitation services. In this way, the present work seeks to propose a plan of actions aimed at sanitation as a principle of sustainability for the said community. For that, it was accomplished a survey on sanitation and solutions that can meet decentralized systems, based on sustainability and having environmental education and popular participation as a strategy for action. In this way, a preliminary survey of the environmental and socioeconomic situation of the population was drawn up, suggested a plan of actions aimed at meeting the main demands raised and independently proposed an environmental education project that could serve as a driving instrument for the Reality. As a result of the work, the main demands of the community were identified, for which the engineering projects were elaborated. In order to serve the sanitary sewage treatment systems, it was suggested the implantation of three treatment systems, consisting of septic tank, anaerobic filter and root zone systems with ornamental flowers production that can be commercialized by the community. Regarding the demand for solid waste, it was proposed the implantation of dumps for the packaging of the waste, propitiating the proper disposal of the same to the landfill, the construction of a small unit of separation of recyclables. It can generate income for the community with the commercialization of the same, and the implantation of two units of vermicomposting, whose compound can be commercialized or used in agriculture. The construction of two community gardens were proposed, which can produce food for subsistence of the community itself. A basic environmental education project was also prepared, in compliance with Public Call Notice 02/2015 of the National Health Foundation, which can be implemented independently of the implementation of other actions. In this way, such actions can be configured as a strategy to improve the health of the population and social conditions, besides contributing to local sustainability with the improvement of environmental conditions. Keywords: