Educação ambiental e a poluição por medicamentos: uma proposta de intervenção na relação entre profissional de saúde e paciente crônico HIV/AIDS

Abstract

The chronic use of medication and its incorrect disposal into the environment has contributed to pollution of water sources. Environmental Education (EE) can be used as a resource to sensitize health professionals to act as information multipliers for HIV/AIDS patients. Pharmaceutical Assistance must work on issues related to pollution caused by medicine, by promoting access to information and also the rational use of medication. This study proposes an intervention, aligned to EE, with the aim of sensitizing all the people involved: the health professionals and the chronic patients to promote change of habits and the training of multipliers for the proper disposal of waste medicines. This research was conducted at Centro de Orientação e Aconselhamento (COA) in the city of Curitiba – PR, and the educational intervention involved the training of nine health professionals and also the socio environmental education intervention (SEEI) of one hundred HIV/AIDS chronic patients. The conception of the educational process was based on the concepts of andragogy, dialect and mediation of knowledge that was carried out by a health professional with expertise in the environmental area. This approach began with the training of health professionals, followed by an evaluation of the training sessions effectiveness. The next step was the SEEI with the chronic patients. The knowledge acquired by the patients about the effects of pollution by drugs. An SEEI was conducted with the aim of drawing HIV/AIDS patients attention to the relevance of thematic of this study. First, data was inserted into the Sphinx Program – V. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the participants learning was carried out. Based on its findings, thematic categories were created. With the results of these categories speeches were produced with the aid of the Collective Subject Discourse method. With the evaluation results collected during the health professionals training sessions, and the SEEI developed with the HIV/AIDS chronic patients, an EA proposal was drafted showing the relationship between the health professional and the chronic patients. The results demonstrated the importance of EE to sensitize health professionals and patients to the thematic presented on this study, and also factors were identified to promote awareness of these participants, and developed a strategy for the SEEI with patients to minimize the environmental impact caused by self-medication. Guidelines were established for EE in the relationship between the participants of this research. Os resultados demonstraram a importância da EA para sensibilizar os atores para a temática trabalhada neste estudo e foram identificados fatores para promover a sensibilização desses atores, sendo desenvolvida uma estratégia durante a IASe junto aos pacientes para minimizar o impacto ambiental causado pela automedicação e estabelecidas diretrizes para EA na relação entre os atores da pesquisa. Thus, a EE as a resource of scientific knowledge, through Pharmaceutical Assistance, managed to achieve the understanding of health professionals and patients in order to influence their changing of habits and behaviors to protect the environment.