Multirresistência de Escherichia Coli a antibióticos: uma avaliação da qualidade microbiológica da água de reservatórios urbanos da região metropolitana de Curitiba

Abstract

Urban development together with the lack of sanitary sewage in the Passaúna and Piraquara II basins generate potential risks to the water supply of the population, being the most critical, the occupation of the areas of contribution of reservoirs of urban supply that, eutrophic can produce risks to the health of the population. These basins receive various types of residues from livestock and also from domestic and rainwater sewage, hosting diversified microorganisms, some of which may be resistant to different antibiotics, acting as disseminators of resistance genes. In this context, the present study aimed to diagnose the microbiological quality of water from urban reservoirs in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba (Passaúna and Piraquara II reservoirs) for the presence of total and thermotolerant coliforms by the most probable number technique (MPN / 100 mL), as well as the resistance profile of Escherichia coli to antibiotics, with a view to improving the management of reservoirs. The experimental research involved the collection of surface water samples for the analysis of total and thermotolerant coliforms, the isolation of Escherichia coli and determination of resistance to antibiotics, by means of the antibiogram and calculation of the antibiotic resistance index (ARI). The results showed thermotolerant coliform values ranging from <1.8 to 5,4 x 105 NMP / 100 mL in the two reservoirs investigated. Regarding the resistance profile, the two reservoirs presented multiresistance. In Passauna, multiresistance was observed in 4 points that showed resistance to polymyxin B, ampicillin + sulbactam, cefotaxime, piperacillin + tazobactam, ampicillin, cefazolin, gentamicin, tetracycline, imipenem and sulfazotrim. In Piraquara II, multiresistance was observed in 3 points that showed resistance to polymyxin B, imipenem, tetracycline, ceftazidime, cefepime, cefazolin and amoxacillin + clavulanate. The results of the total IRA for the two reservoirs presented values that vary from 0 to 0.067, although the values found are low, these analyzed areas need to be in constant observation, considering the possibility of population expansion causing more probability of the strains to become multiresistant.