Obesidade e osteoartrite de joelhos em usuários de unidades básicas de saúde e unidades de saúde da família de um município goiano: uma análise associativa, etiológica e dos serviços demandados

Abstract

The Osteoarthritis is degenerative joint diseases characterized by an inflammation, pain, deformities, gait changes and functionality in the patients daily activities, and has as one of the main predictors of factors the obesity. The joint disorder its most commonly served in primary care. In Brazil, it occupies 30-40% of consultations in rheumatology clinics and is responsible for 7.5% of all work absences as well as ranking and being the fourth disease to determinate the retirement with 6.2%. This research was carried out in Basic Health Units and the Family Health Units in a city at the southeast of the state of Goiás, in order to know the reality of a sample of the population to these two health problems that are the obesity and the knees osteoarthritis, and contribute with information, which may results in the better targeting and health actions, both preventative and the cure of these diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations between obesity and knee osteoarthritis in users of the Unified Health System and associate with possible health promotion activities. This was an observational study, analytical and crosssectional, with obese adult subjects with or without clinical diagnosis of Knee Osteoarthritis, confirmed previously in radiological and profile incidences, clinical and anthropometric evaluation. The study included 226 obese subjects, aged between 40 and 60 years, and 81 of the cases were about knee osteoarthritis. From the results found, we concluded that the obesity time, the time of Osteoarthritis, age and guidance to the patient are variables that possibly interfere with the development of osteoarthritis of knees. Exercise training as a protection factor for decreasing functionality of patients with osteoarthritis. The anthropometric measures are effective and cost-effective to be widely used in the evaluation and clinical monitoring of obese people. Demand for specialty consultations in orthopedics, depression, was associated with OA. Males despite having lesser extent, they are more affected and even more severely. It concludes also that health promotion activities implemented continuously in UBS and SF, as well as in other areas, can greatly reduces the impact of this disease in the population served. To increase service coverage, especially the male population, it highlights the importance of the public health services office hours these units also at night.